NCLEX Question for type of Mendelian inherited condition

NCLEX Review Question

Which type of Mendelian inherited condition results in both genders being affected equally in a vertical pattern?

a.Automosomal dominant inheritance
b.Automosomal recessive inheritance
c.X-linked inheritance
d.Multifactorial genetic inheritance

Correct Answer: A
Automosomal dominant inheritance
Rationale: An individual who has an autosomal dominant inherited condition carries a gene mutation for that condition on one chromosome of a pair.

Automosomal recessive inheritance
Rationale: The pattern of inheritance in autosomal recessive inherited conditions is different from that of autosomal dominant inherited conditions in that it is more horizontal than vertical, with relatives of a single generation tending to have the condition.

X-linked inheritance
Rationale: X-linked conditions may be inherited in families in recessive or dominant patterns. In both, the gene mutation is located on the X-chromosome. All males inherit an X chromosome from their mother with no counterpart; hence, all males express the gene mutation.

Multifactorial genetic inheritance
Rationale: Neural tube defects, such as spina bifida and anencephaly, are examples of multifactorial genetic conditions. The majority of neural tube defects are caused by both genetic and environmental influences that combine during early embryonic development leading to incomplete closure of the neural tube.

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